Chapter13: The problem of Copyright and Fair Use

                              LIMITATIONS ON EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS: FAIR USE

                     Copyright Law and Fair Use

Reference:  http://www-sul.stanford.edu/cpyright.html

Chapter12: Example of knowledge management

Knowledge Management System

The Knowledge management system is an institutional support to efficiently conduct knowledge management practice like Knowledgecreation, sharing and application.

It provides motivation for knowledge practice.

The evaluation and compensation system is especially to appropriately and correspondingly compensate to organization members for the outcomes from Knowledge contribution activities so that the process is reactivated and maximizes te effect of knowledge management.

Here is an example of KMS (Knowledge Management System) From ENAGE

The Evaluation & Compensation Process

Reference:  http://rayabd.blogspot.com/2010/05/knowledge-management-system.html 

Chapter 11: Example of Information system in organization.

What type of information system used by Mcdonalds?

McD Information system

There are many types of  information systems used in McDonalds such as :

     Transaction Processing System (TPS)

First transaction happens when two people make an exchange, and collecting data about it called transaction processing, so transaction processing is collecting, storing, modifying, and retrieving the transactions of an organization. Transaction system is important to answer routine questions, and it helps to conduct business such as payroll, employee record keeping or paying an employee. It's important to store the data of the transaction save and protected because transaction generally involves an exchange of money which is critical to any organization. 

How Transaction Processing System is implementing in McDonalds?

McDonalds everyday sells a huge amount of hamburgers ,so McDonalds should order raw material from its supplier , each time McDonalds place an order with its supplier , a transaction happens , and the transaction processing system records the relevant information such as supplier ‘name , address , the quality of the items purchased and finally the invoice amount.

      Decision support system (DSS) 

Decision support system is used to model data and make quality decision based on the data , making the right decision is usually based on the quality of the  data and one's ability to analyze the data , Decision Support Systems are usually computer applications with a human component. They can sift through large amounts of data and pick between the many choices and supports the non – routine decision. 

 How decision support system implemented in McDonalds? 

At first McDonalds began as a small restaurant, selling foods to customers , the business expanded slowly ,then McDonalds analyze the market well to come with opportunity, as we know we live in the time of technology , so McDonalds thought of providing wireless services , so the company gather information about the customer usage of wireless services , length of stay and sales level , then the decision support system analyze the data to come up with the decision of providing wireless service in their restaurant.

      Management Information Systems (MIS)

 

Management information system is a system that provides information needed to manage organizations effectively. Management information systems involve three primary resources: technology, information, and people, and the most important resource is people, the information that we get supports the routine decision making in the functional areas

How Management Information System is implemented in McDonalds?

In McDonalds they implement MIS system which is used to produce periodic reports such as a daily list of employees and the hours they work, or a monthly report of expenses as compared to a budget. McDonalds used MIS because the purpose of MIS is to provide profitability and information to help managers and staff understand the business performance and plan its future direction.

     POS system " Scale of Point system "

McDonalds is very busy restaurant because many customers goes there , the first priority for McDonalds is to deliver best restaurant experience for the customers , for that McDonalds used POS system " Point of scale system " to ensure fast and accurate order , because this system is used to speed the business process, it can track massive amounts of data in seconds., With these systems, each order is instantly transmitted to several workstations throughout the facility, The cashier instantly knows what payment is due. The kitchen knows what orders are coming up, and how long a customer has been waiting.

Hyperactive Bob system

McDonalds implemented this system to let their employees when they are about to be busy , this system used computers and rooftop cameras to monitor traffic entering a restaurant's parking lot and drive-thru.

 






Reference:  http://mcdonaldsmis.blogspot.com/p/mcdonalds-is_04.html 

Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_information_system_used_by_Mcdonalds#ixzz1m8YxN57O

Chapter 10: The Pros and Cons of in formation technology.

Chapter 10

The Pros and Cons of in formation technology.

Information Technology has contributed to the world with a high extent. Without its contribution there is a doubt that we could achieve this ‘technological world’ today or not. But even though, some people are raising some statements (it may be baseless) that Information Technology (IT) Solutions are taking away the Privacy of Normal people and breaking overall reputation of World Wide Human knowledge.

Information Technology Pros

1. The world got flexibility

What we think, do or plan must be shared with our co-workers, colleagues and friends. The internet technology has advanced this system to a great extent. The telephone idea (by Alexander Graham Bell) has been modified and made as Cell Phones to increase more flexibility in communication and talk to our dear fellows whenever we require!

2. The sense of responsibility has increased

Let us take ‘Barack Obama- USA President’ as the figure. With the use of networking sites (Twitter and Facebook), blogs, social bookmarking, the leader can approach to the world whenever necessary and we can receive the news and updates which he has done (or wants to be done by us) within a very short period.

3. Easy thinking & evolution in transportation

To think and to research, we need resources to find what our past people has thought, what quotes they have left for us (+information + theory). We can find them by a single click inSearch engines (specially Google, Yahoo!). By getting a clear cut idea, we get the chance of contributing the world with new technological ideas and inventions and share what we have learnt throughout our lives.

And throughout the ages, it helped us to evolute the transportation strategy which helps us to visit from a place to another by (Roads, highways, air, water and in the skies!)

4. Saves thousand of lives daily

So, by the point heading I hope you understand I am referring towards Medical Sector development. Each day people are getting relief by the perfect use of Medicine, Hospital Technology with addition of (X-Rays, Laser Treatments) and more on the queue. By the combination of the World Health Organization, various fatal diseases can be overcome and just expelled from specified countries by quick plans and ideas.

5. Increase the sense of Human Rights

The technology can remind of our human rights, basic needs and give updates where relief or worldwide help is necessary. During earthquakes, terrible floods, while co-operation is necessary the World Wide Web can help us to collect the donation by a desired amount.

It is not possible to just figure out everything about the good and bad sides of Information and Technology within a page and article as because it has mixed with every aspects and corners of our lives. Rather, let us look at the side effects, bad sides (cons) which IT-sectors have brought to the Human Society.

Information Technology Cons

It has taken away people’s Privacy

As IT-Sectors have wined the people’s heart worldwide. People are here to share and store any kind of information, private date in their hard drives and private online databases. But due to some Cyber-Criminals, nothing is SO Safe both online and offline. If someone becomes a bit careless, s/he may needs to pay high for it. (It’s serious).

The online community is not safe for Family anymore

Children under age may often share Cell Numbers, Private Email Address which can be hacked by people and can pass it to the criminals who have a blue-print to harm the society. And people are loosing credit card privacy and other payment processing options. Again, there are some sites created by Nasty Guys, which can lead under eighteen teenagers to a different path – That Is Going To Bring Harms To The Nation.

It is going to damage a Human’s Natural Power

We can think, gather human principles (ethical knowledge) and make co-operative relationships between friends and families. But due to harmful aspects of (IT) people are becoming fully technological based. And it can bring huge damage to the society as its taking away the natural thoughts and organic ideas.

It can bring World Destruction without Efficient Administration

This is an extra point which I am writing by remembering various Science Fictions. Great scholars have though about the matter wisely. Til now, we (humans) are possessing the leading place in the world and administering the computer technology. But a day MAY come when the technology is going to administer us in all aspects. It may probably happen that we are converted to the slaves of Technology.

So, by this cons I am not trying to tell that Technology is here to bring harms only, because I myself is a technological man who passes 24 hours browsing computer and talking on phones. But as a part of human society we need to give up a look at the both sides of IT.

Reference: http://113tidbits.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-information-technology/3696/

                                                                               

CHAPTER 9: Good websites and Bias information

Good websites and Bias information

Good Websites 

- Are impeccably clean

- Have personality

- Stand out

- Are extremely effective

- Are well thought out and usable

Example

Bias information

Description

When we are trying to make a decision, we generally seek data on which to rationally base the choice. Where this goes wrong, is when we assume that all information is useful, and that 'more is better'.

Sometimes, extra information adds no significant value. Sometimes it simply serves to confuse.

RESEARCH

Baron, Beattie, and Hershey (1988), gave subjects a diagnostic problem involving fictitious symptoms, tests and diseases. Many subjects said they would need additional tests even when they had sufficient data.

EXAMPLE

A manager gets consultants to do a study of the marketplace when a third party report is already available at far less cost.

SO WHAT?

Using it

When you want people to pay attention to your information, even when they have other information you may well be able to present it, for example as 'new findings'.

You can also deliberately create overload by encouraging people to seek more and more data.

Defending

Think first about what information you need and go for that which is just sufficient and necessary.

EXAMPLE 

PSYCH BASICS

Biascognitive biases, discrimination, heuristics, prejudice, stereotypes, racism, sexism

     A bias is a tendency. Most biases—like preferring to eat food instead of paper clips, or assuming someone on fire should be put out—are helpful. But cognitive shortcuts can cause problems when we're not aware of them and we apply them inappropriately, leading to rash decisions or discriminatory practices (based on, say, racism and sexism). Relying on biases but keeping them in check requires a delicate balance of self-awareness.